planetesimals—to form rocky, potentially habitable planets. This discovery aligns with parallel findings in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, which demonstrate that vortices within early disks could trap enough dust to form...

global sea levels were roughly 100 meters higher than they are today, driven by a greenhouse climate devoid of polar ice caps. As Guy Plint and Charles Helm note, the ancient shoreline was pushed deep into what is now the foothills of the Rocky...

Daniel Grumiller of TU Wien explains that the system mimics a phase transition, similar to how water molecules lock into an ice lattice at the freezing point. Even a minute injection of energy can force the system across this threshold, triggering the...

vapor near PDS 70 by the James Webb Space Telescope. While water could theoretically form in situ, the influx of cometary ice offers a compelling external source. “It is reminiscent of a possible process in the early Solar System, in which comets may...

Unlike single-celled microbes, which are frequently found to endure extreme conditions, the rotifer is a complex, multicellular animal, making its survival particularly noteworthy. A rotifer seen under a microscope. Credit: Michael Plewka To ensure the...

is typically slowed by lunar tidal friction over long timeframes, shorter-term environmental factors—including melting ice, atmospheric dynamics, and shifts within the planet’s liquid core—can cause the planet to spin faster. Since 2015, this rotational...

layer. However, the presence of water does not guarantee Earth-like oceans. Research published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (available here) highlights that extreme pressures inside these planets can force water into exotic,...

Arrows prompted intense academic speculation. Theories ranged from the stones having been naturally relocated by shifting Ice Age glaciers to the possibility that they were quarried from sites such as Plumpton Rocks, situated approximately 13 kilometers...

Ancient teeth discovered on Sulawesi reveal that Ice Age hunter-gatherers used whole nuts in a surprising way, rewriting the history of human drug use. Archaeologists have uncovered evidence that hunter-gatherer communities in Indonesia were utilizing...

atmospheric and hydrological systems. The Earth does not rotate around a static point. Because the distribution of water, ice, and atmospheric gases is in constant flux, the planet’s center of mass—and its center of figure—continually oscillate. By...

is a prime candidate for holding evidence of the moon’s internal composition. A study published in 2026 in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society by researchers Benjamin Haser and Thomas Andert suggests that the violence of the Stickney...

The findings, published in Science Advances, propose that the parent bodies of these asteroids formed near the ancient water-ice line—a critical temperature boundary in the early protoplanetary disk. This location served as a mixing zone where fine dust...

Following another significant crash in 1968 near Thule, Greenland, which resulted in the radioactive contamination of sea ice, the Strategic Air Command finally prohibited the transport of nuclear weapons on aircraft during routine patrol missions....

one-centimeter increase in active-layer thickness. The physical impacts of this thawing are already visible: as ground ice melts, the structural integrity of the soil fails, leading to land subsidence and the formation of thousands of thaw slumps, with...

approximately 5 million carats before the outbreak of World War I. To oversee the region, authorities established a police presence, with officers patrolling the harsh terrain on camelback. The warm light of the Namib Desert lights up a long-since...

to archives from RKK Energia, the interior was coated in thick frost, and all onboard water supplies had solidified into ice. Clad in heavy winter gear and fur hats, the cosmonauts discovered that six of the eight batteries were completely discharged,...

head the investigation. The equipment will be delivered to the lunar surface via the agency’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative. While previous missions—such as Japan’s SELENE (Kaguya) orbiter—detected radar echoes suggesting the...

behind FastNav is exactly what the name suggests, fast navigation for lunar rovers,” explains Lennart Puck, the technical officer overseeing the project. “We are targeting rover speeds of around one metre per second. Compared with previous planetary...

Ojibwe and Haida nations, the period marks the transition toward colder temperatures, often referred to as the Freezing or Ice Moon. Beyond the Moon: A Cosmic Alignment The lunar display serves as an excellent anchor for other observations throughout...

occupants possessed the specialized skills required to manufacture and maintain cold-weather clothing. Maps show Beringia’s ice and land bridge 18,000 years ago and early archaeological sites in Alaska. ©University of Kansas Transcontinental Ties and...