Anatomy — It is a branch of biology which deals with the study of the internal structure of an organism as revealed by dissection. Arthrology — Study of joints. Agriology — Study of customs of primitive man. Aphidology — Study of aphids (plant lice)....

as bovines, deer, and even rhinoceroses. What makes it unusual is not just the number. It is the pattern. In Level 3 of the cave, at least 35 individuals are represented by their crania, which means skulls. These species all had defensive cranial...

NASA is deploying radar and seismic sensors to investigate a mysterious lunar pit that could house a massive cave, offering shelter for future astronauts. NASA is preparing to probe one of the Moon’s most compelling geological mysteries. The agency has...

mineral commonly employed by prehistoric peoples for red painting. Although hematite also occurs naturally within the cave, the team found additional traces of the same material in the form of finger‑dot impressions and small splashes—features that are...

from external influences preserved delicate archaeological layers. Such long‑term closure is rare in the region, giving the cave a distinctive scientific value. Prof. Shimelmitz emphasized the exceptional preservation, noting that the cavity captures a...

like charcoal, hematite, and ochre, and they likely constructed sophisticated scaffolding to reach the highest points of the cave ceiling—the earliest known example of such engineering. Marcel Ravidat (seated right) shows people through the Lascaux cave...

ecological history. Volcanic Layers Capture a Lost Million‑Year Record Two separate eruptions deposited ash inside the cave at distinct moments: the older layer formed about 1.55 million years ago, and a later one around one million years ago. The bones...

space by Neanderthals. Further evidence of intentional activity included a large whelk shell, which had been carried to the cave from the distant shoreline, and an array of stone tools. These artifacts align with the Mousterian technology traditionally...

understanding of the site’s religious history. While previous surveys identified only about 15 Latin inscriptions within the cavern, the latest field campaign has revealed a complex ritual site, complete with female names, ceremonial offerings, and...

to the subterranean passage now known as Arne Qvamgrotta. At the time, the sediment-filled chambers were overlooked, and the cave remained largely untouched for nearly three decades. Because the remains were sealed within undisturbed deposits, they...

recent scrutiny of the tomb’s structural design by researchers from the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) indicates that the cave was built on a scale reserved for the aristocracy rather than a common local figure. The complex features an expansive...

tend to be more flexible in structure, allowing them to function efficiently in the cold. That property is valuable beyond the cave. Enzymes With Industrial Potential Among the enzymes detected were lipases with both lipolytic and esterase activities. A...

Archaeologists uncover a millennium‑old Odysseus sanctuary on northern Ithaca, revealing inscriptions, ritual objects and long‑standing cult evidence. For more than two hundred years the hill of Agios Athanasios has been called the “School of Homer.”...

of the country’s ancient history. Ash Deposits Lock Fossils in a Precise Timeframe Two distinct volcanic ash layers frame the cave’s contents, each linked to a separate major eruption. Radiometric dating places the lower layer at about 1.55 million...

New research reveals that Ice Age hunter-gatherers used a sophisticated system of geometric signs to store and share information across generations, potentially laying the groundwork for future written languages. Humans possess a unique capacity to...

to uncover the identities of the individuals who occupied these subterranean spaces thousands of years ago. Rock art from the Cave of Altamira in Spain, which was analyzed in this study – © Matthias Meyer, Nature Communications The researchers detected...

a forearm fragment, and cranial pieces. Credit: Nature Evidence of Sophisticated Subsistence The artifacts recovered from the cave offer a rare glimpse into the daily life of this population. The collection includes 1,366 stone implements, primarily...

filled with bat droppings might seem like an inhospitable environment, it offers specific advantages for the crocodiles. The caves provide consistent shelter and water, while the resident bats serve as a convenient food supply. During the chaotic daily...

The site was initially surveyed as a safeguard before a nearby building project began. Further investigation revealed that the cavern belongs to the Acheulo‑Yabrudian cultural horizon and pushes the timeline of its use back to roughly 400,000 years, far...

the collection presents a significant technical challenge. Approximately 95 percent of the skeletal remains found in the cave are too fragmentary or morphologically indistinct to identify through traditional visual inspection. To overcome this,...