a sprawling, grassy terrain that once connected Java to the broader Southeast Asian mainland. The discovery of human skull fragments alongside thousands of vertebrate fossils has shifted the known geographical range of late Javanese Homo erectus. While...

gasserian ganglion. It divides into 3 branches. Opthalmic Nerve: It passes along the dorsal border of the orbit (between the skull and the eye ball) and innervates the skin of snout. It is sensory in nature. Maxilary Nerve: It runs below the eye ball...

An 8.7-million-year-old Turkish ape skull challenges the timeline of human evolution, prompting fresh debates on our origins. A recently uncovered partial cranium from central Turkey adds a fresh data point to the long‑standing discussion about where...

uncovers a pterosaur meal inside an ichthyosaur Researchers sent several rock nodules located behind the ichthyosaur’s skull to the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). Using synchrotron‑based CT scanning, they visualised a...

from its contemporaries. The reptile measured roughly 2.7 meters (9 feet) in length and featured an exceptionally short skull, which accounted for only 5% of its total body size. Perhaps most striking are its spoon-shaped teeth, a specialized dental...

degradation, effectively turning the process of decay into a mechanism for stabilization. A Molecular Fortress Within the Skull The research indicates that the brain is uniquely equipped for this transformation. Nervous tissue is dense with lipids,...

dinosaur specimens, this new find is distinguished by its high level of preservation. The recovery includes a largely intact skull, a significant rarity given the usually fragmentary state of therizinosaur remains. Anatomical reconstruction of...

jaws, this new find—dubbed Archetheridium—includes a substantial portion of the postcranial skeleton, alongside the skull and nearly complete upper dentition. The fossil locality of the holotype in the Jiufotang Formation at the Dasanjia site ©Mesozoic...

tissue. These joints allow minimal to no movement and provide stability to the connected bones. The sutures in the skull are a prime example of fibrous joints. They are tightly interlocked and essentially immobile, ensuring the protection of the brain....

eardrum, similar to how others hear your voice. Bone-transmitted sound: Vibrations from your vocal cords travel through your skull bones to your inner ear. This pathway adds deeper, richer tones to the sound of your voice. When you listen to a...

A new spatial study of Des-Cubierta Cave in Spain shows that Neanderthals deliberately brought large horned animal skulls deep into a narrow gallery, placing them in the same area again and again. In the mountains north of Madrid, near Pinilla del...

few inches below the surface, allowing for an almost complete skeleton to be recovered. Anatomical comparisons of elongated skulls reveal the distinctive shape of Machimosaurus rex. Credit: Cretaceous Research The discovery was made possible by the...

finished with river stones and basalt. Excavators recovered human remains on three sides of the lower tier, including four skulls and long bone fragments likely representing femurs. Accompanying the bones were ceramic vessels—one black pot nested inside...

during the closing stages of the Cretaceous period. The fossilized remains, which include well-preserved sections of the skull, jaw, vertebrae, and limbs, were recovered from the Dakhla Shale near Teneida in Egypt’s Western Desert. Recovered by a team...

that were roughly one-third shorter than its hind limbs. This morphology, paired with slender teeth and a lightweight skull, points to a predator well-adapted for running rather than soaring. Comparisons with 377 living bird species confirmed that its...

Uncovered Researchers scanned twelve separate bone pieces—including fragments of the femur, humerus, ribs, jaw and skull—believed to belong to a fetus in its eighth or ninth month of gestation, just weeks from delivery. The scans reveal a rich network...

2024, Swedish archaeologist and sculptor Oscar Nilsson produced a facial reconstruction using a 3‑D replica of the woman’s skull. The process involved mapping tissue depths, shaping clay models of facial muscles, and adding silicone to simulate skin,...

that serve as radical reservoirs, and specific amino acids that trap radicals to forge stronger bonds. Additionally, the skull may limit fluid and oxygen exchange, further protecting the enclosed tissue. Potential Overlap With Neurodegenerative...

his formative adolescent years in a much colder climate. Genetic evidence points toward continental European ancestry, with skull morphology analysis, as noted by The Guardian, suggesting strong Scandinavian roots. Dr Sarah Stark, a skeletal biologist...

mud of a former lakeshore, provide a rare look at a hominin species primarily defined until now by its distinctively robust skull and heavy jaw. For decades, researchers have been hampered by a sparse post-cranial fossil record for P. boisei, leaving...