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Forgotten Human Fossils Reveal Homo Erectus Emerged 200,000 Years Earlier Than Thought
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/fossils-nobody-had-ever-described-sat-in-a-cave-excavated-until-2019-and-one-is-200-000-years-older-than-expectedand 1.8 million years ago, P. robustus underwent notable physical changes, developing increasingly robust jaws and larger teeth. This adaptation served as a specialized tool for grinding down tough, fibrous vegetation—much like a biological mortar and...
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Bizarre New Marine Reptile With Spoon-Shaped Teeth Discovered In China
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/a-strange-sea-reptile-with-a-tiny-head-and-unusual-spoon-shaped-teeth-has-just-emerged-from-chinas-ancient-oceansan exceptionally short skull, which accounted for only 5% of its total body size. Perhaps most striking are its spoon-shaped teeth, a specialized dental adaptation that is rarely seen in other early marine reptiles of the Anisian age. The fossil is...
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Ancient Teeth Reveal Humans Used Psychoactive Drugs 25,000 Years Ago
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/earth-science/the-first-human-high-may-have-come-from-these-ancient-nuts-not-alcoholAncient teeth discovered on Sulawesi reveal that Ice Age hunter-gatherers used whole nuts in a surprising way, rewriting the history of human drug use. Archaeologists have uncovered evidence that hunter-gatherer communities in Indonesia were utilizing...
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Three Tiny Mammals Reveal Arctic Life Thriving 73 Million Years Ago
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/scientists-found-three-unknown-fossil-in-alaska-that-lived-alongside-dinosaurs-73-million-years-agofossil uncovers an unexpected glimpse of the ancient Arctic, reshaping scientists’ view of the region’s past. New fossil teeth from Alaska’s Prince Creek Formation show that the Late Cretaceous Arctic was far from barren, supporting a small but diverse...
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Remarkable New Fossil Discovery Fills A Massive Gap In The History Of Early Mammals
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/this-ancient-fossil-offers-a-rare-glimpse-into-the-dawn-of-marsupialsWang, the fossil belongs to the deltatheroidans, an ancient group of metatherians known for their specialized shearing teeth. The discovery is particularly significant because it addresses a long-standing frustration in the field: the scarcity of...
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Rare Fossil Footprint Reveals Forgotten Mammalian Predator Once Roamed Antarctica
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/scientists-just-found-a-coin-sized-footprint-preserved-in-antarcticas-ancient-soillong before it became an ice-covered wasteland. For decades, researchers have relied on fragmented evidence—scattered teeth, skeletal remains, and plant fossils—to reconstruct Antarctica’s Eocene environment. Because direct traces of terrestrial mammals...
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New Fossil Discovery Reveals Denisovan Anatomy Was Nothing Like Their Neanderthal Cousins
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/earth-science/a-single-142-000-year-old-bone-just-revealed-the-denisovans-werent-built-like-their-neanderthal-cousinsago. The discovery was part of a broader excavation at Bianfu Cave in Yunnan Province, which also yielded skull fragments, teeth, stone implements, and a substantial collection of faunal remains. For years, our understanding of Denisovans relied almost...
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Digestive System of Hirudinaria and Its Adaptations
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/topics/zoology/digestive-system-of-hirudinaria-and-its-adaptationsIt is covered with a fine cuticle. It is thickened at the free edges to form a ridge. This ridge shows a row of minute teeth or denticles. Hence the jaw is termed a monostichodont. The median jaw has 103 to 128 teeth, while the lateral jaws bear 85 to...
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Caribbean’s Last Dinosaur-Era Predators: Survival Secrets Revealed!
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/caribbeans-last-dinosaur-era-predators-survival-secrets-revealedyears ago—why their shocking survival stuns scientists. Don’t miss this! Fierce crocodile-like predators with razor-sharp teeth clung to survival in the Caribbean until 4.5 million years ago—millions of years after their mainland relatives...
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The Internet Helped Name a New Deep-Sea Species Living on Sunken Wood
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/the-internet-helped-name-a-new-deep-sea-species-living-on-sunken-woodto a rare group of chitons that do not graze. Instead, they are carnivorous. They ambush small animals using specialized teeth, rather than scraping surfaces like most chitons do. Built for Hunting Placiphorella granulosa has a distinctive shell covered...
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Egypt’s Whale Graveyard Uncovers Tiny Legs That Prove Whales Evolved From Land
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/hidden-beneath-egypts-sands-an-ancient-whale-graveyard-reveals-one-of-evolutions-greatest-storiesand quiet horizons, far from any modern signs of life southwest of Cairo. Yet the ground is peppered with shells, shark teeth and colossal whale skeletons that betray a vastly different past. During the late Eocene, this segment of North Africa lay...
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Tiny 9‑mm Fossil Jaw Reveals Unexpected Nerve Pattern and Sheds Light on Reptile Evolution
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/scientists-scanned-a-reptile-smaller-than-your-thumb-and-found-something-no-one-expected-insidethat yielded the original specimen. Though the partial left lower jaw measures under 9 mm in length, it retains twelve teeth and suggests the complete dentary may have accommodated up to eighteen. Location of the Linha São Luiz site, the fossil jaw, and...
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Giant Permian Predator Dimetrodon Mammal Ancestor Before the Dinosaurs
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/this-giant-predator-ruled-before-the-dinosaurs-and-it-was-more-closely-related-to-mammalsdiet with insects. Detailed studies of their dentition, published in Nature Communications, show primarily blade‑shaped teeth, with some later specimens exhibiting elongated roots and finely serrated edges. These adaptations enabled Dimetrodon to tackle...
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Scientists Finally Identify Japan’s First Armored Dinosaur Hidden in a Fossil for 20 Years
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/scientists-just-identified-japans-first-ever-armored-dinosaur-hidden-inside-a-skull-for-over-20-yearsnodosaurid identified from cranial material. This specimen, which includes a partial skull, a neck vertebra, and several teeth, was originally excavated from a concretion in the Hikagenosawa Formation near Yubari city. For over two decades, its exact...
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Scientists Uncover Two Unknown Prehistoric Sharks Hidden Deep Inside Mammoth Cave
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/biology/deep-inside-a-famous-cave-scientists-discovered-fossils-of-two-ancient-sharks-that-once-swam-the-oceans-325-million-years-agoctenacanth sharks. Credit: Parks Stewardship Forum Troglocladodus trimblei was identified primarily through fossil teeth found across multiple rock formations. Meanwhile, Glikmanius careforum yielded more substantial evidence, including portions of a...
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Ancient Tooth Damage Reveals Humans Used Psychoactive Betel Nuts 25,000 Years Ago
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/science/before-alcohol-humans-may-have-found-their-first-high-in-ancient-betel-nuts-25-000-years-agoAncient teeth found in an Indonesian cave provide evidence of one of the earliest known human uses of a psychoactive substance. Human history is deeply intertwined with the consumption of mind-altering substances. While archaeological records have long...
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Huge New Clawed Dinosaur Discovered in China Reveals Bizarre Evolutionary Secrets
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/subject/science/scientists-just-unearthed-chinas-new-giant-dinosaur-and-its-body-was-built-like-nothing-else-in-its-familydiet. Their morphology is a striking collage of traits, featuring diminutive heads and long necks paired with leaf-shaped teeth and elongated manual claws, all set upon a frame that otherwise resembles a standard predatory dinosaur. A research team led...
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Annelida: Exploring the Diversity and Classification of Segmented Worms
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/topics/zoology/annelida-characters-and-classificationwhich are dissimilar. The prostomium is small. Parapodia are small, without acicula. Pharynx is non-protrusible. Jaws and teeth are also seen. They live in burrows or tubes. E.g: Chaetpterus, Terebella. CLASS II: ARCHIANNEUDA (Gr, Archi, first) It is a...
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Laboratory Tests in Porphyrias
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/topics/pathology/laboratory-tests-in-porphyriascharacteristics found in folklore. These similarities include light aversion, skin mutilation upon sunlight exposure, red teeth, psychiatric disturbances, and the consumption of blood to obtain heme. Figure 1: Figure on left shows steps in the...
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Teething Troubles: Common Illnesses and How to Soothe Your Baby
https://www.bioscience.com.pk/en/topics/pediatrics/teething-troubles-common-illnesses-and-how-to-soothe-your-babyLearn how to soothe your baby during teething with effective remedies and tips. Understand common teething-related illnesses like fever, cough, and ear infections, and how to prevent them. Teething is a significant milestone in a baby’s development,...