of CO2 in the form of carbonic acid: As carbon dioxide enters the blood from the tissues, it combines with water in the plasma to form carbonic acid. About 5% of CO2 is carried in the plasma as carbonic acid. CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 Transport of CO2 as...

Powerful solar eruptions may push the northern lights as far south as 22 U.S. states this weekend. Here is how to track the best viewing windows. Skywatchers across a broad swath of the United States may have a rare opportunity to witness the aurora...

A new burst of solar activity has researchers on alert. Experts explain what to expect when the solar storm arrives and why its exact impact remains unclear. Solar activity spiked on October 6, 2026, when an M1.4-class solar flare erupted from a...

Learn the principles, equipment, specimen handling, and detailed method for accurate hematocrit determination. Understand the reference ranges and critical values for optimal clinical interpretation. Hematocrit, expressed as a percentage, indicates the...

Learn how to perform platelet glycoprotein analysis using flow cytometry for accurate diagnosis of bleeding disorders like Bernard-Soulier syndrome and Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia. Platelets are small, disc-shaped cells that play a pivotal role in blood...

Six toaster-sized satellites will synchronize to form a giant radio telescope, helping scientists study solar eruptions that threaten space missions. NASA is preparing to launch an ambitious mission that will reconfigure how we monitor the Sun,...

Learn the principles, equipment, specimen requirements, and methods for measuring hematocrit (HCT) or packed cell volume (PCV). Understand the clinical significance of hematocrit in diagnosing conditions like anemia, dehydration, and polycythemia....

Scientists unveil a bold strategy to dampen solar storms before they hit Earth, aiming to protect our technology and power grids. A recent paper highlighted by Advancing Earth and Space Sciences (AGU) proposes a proactive approach to solar‑storm...

NASA’s Swift-protecting spacecraft encounters a critical glitch, prompting engineers to work nonstop to restore full control. A newly launched spacecraft intended to extend the scientific reach of NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory encountered an...

Researchers are mapping the risks of extreme space weather to better understand how powerful solar events could disrupt critical technology on Earth. While hurricanes and wildfires command headlines, a more ethereal threat lurks above our atmosphere:...

NOAA-tracked solar flare may light up the U.S. with auroras, offering a rare chance to see the northern lights across several states. A pair of solar eruptions launched on July 26 and 27 could trigger a modest aurora that may be visible in the northern...

calcium, Thromboplastin, and fibrinogen. Prothrombin is produced by the liver and is also present in small quantities in the plasma of blood. K Vitamin helps in the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver. Calcium ions are present in the plasma as...

Explore Sperm Function Tests, Sims-Huhner Test, Cervical Mucus Penetration Test, Hamster Egg Penetration Assay, Hypo-osmotic Swelling, and Computer-assisted Semen Analysis methods. Examinations of sperm function, also known as functional assays, are...

Discover feces examination tests for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, neoplasm, Carbohydrate & Fat malabsorption, Liver disease, and differentiate secretory from osmotic diarrhea. Chemical examination of feces is usually carried out for the following tests...

Explore our comprehensive guide on thyroid disorders. Understand Hypothyroidism & Hyperthyroidism, their impact, and management strategies. Within the spectrum of endocrine disorders, thyroid-related conditions are prevalent and are second only to...

Learn the correct sequence of filling tubes for hematological investigations to ensure accurate lab results. Follow this step-by-step guide to prevent contamination and errors. The correct sequence of filling blood collection tubes during hematological...

Discover the essential roles of adrenal gland hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, adrenaline, and androgens, in regulating metabolism, blood pressure, stress response, and sexual development. Learn about their critical functions. Adrenal gland...

A newly mapped channel of hot plasma may link our solar system to distant stars, offering fresh clues about the Milky Way’s complex structure. Astronomers have identified what appears to be a vast, low-density pathway of hot plasma extending from our...

A few minutes of high‑intensity exercise sparks a powerful molecular response, revealing how brief workouts can boost cellular health. Brief, high‑intensity sprints remodel blood chemistry more than hour‑long cardio Researchers at Rockefeller...

Ball lightning is a phenomenon that has fascinated scientists and the general public alike for centuries. The first recorded observation of ball lightning was made by an English naturalist named John Whitehurst in 1753. Ball lightning is a phenomenon...