Cranial Nerves of Scoliodon (Shark)
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Zoology
Cranial Nerves of Scoliodon (Shark)
Ten pairs of cranial nerves arise from the brain at different locations to supply the anterior region of the body. In addition to them a pair of terminal or pre olfactory nerves (zero nerves) arises from the ventral surface of the cerebrum.
By Dayyal Dg.
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Ten pairs of cranial nerves arise from the brain at different locations to supply the anterior region of the body. In addition to them a pair of terminal or pre olfactory nerves (zero nerves) arises from the ventral surface of the cerebrum.
The ten pairs of cranial nerves are furnished below for detail study.
| Name of the nerve | Origin | Branches | Distribution | Physiological Nature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLFACTORY | Olfactory lobe. | - | Olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity. | Sensory |
| OPTIC | Optic lobe. | - | Retina of eye. | Sensory |
| OCULOMOTOR | Ventrolateral side ofthe midbrain. | - | Anterior rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles of the eye. Superior oblique muscle of the eye | Motor Motor |
| TROCHLEAR | Dorsolateral aspect of the midbrain between the optic lobes and cerebrum. | - | Olfactory capsule and dorsal | Mixed |
| TRIGEMINAL | Dorsally from the side of medulla oblongata below the corpora restiformes. | (i) Opthalmic profundus (ii) Ophthalmicus superfi-cialis V (iii) Maxillaris V (a) Superior (b) Inferior (iv) Mandibularis | skin of the snout. Skin of the snout. Skin of upper jaw Posterior part of upper lip. Muscles of the lower jaw. | Mixed Motor Mixed |
| ABDUCENS | Midventrally from the floor of medulla oblongata | - | Posterior rectus muscle of the eye. | Mixed |
| FACIAL | From the side of medulla below the corpora restiformes in the form of a bundle. | (i) Opthalmicus super-ficialis VII (ii) Ramus buccalis (iii) Flyomandibularis (a) Mandibularis externus (b) Mandibularis internus (c) Hyoidean (iv) Ramus palatinus | Sense organs; the lateral line system of snout. Infra-orbital lateral line canal and associated ampullae. Mandibular canal of lateral-line system. Mucous membrane of the floor of buccal cavity. Muscles of the roof of buccal cavity and pharynx. Roof of the pharyngeal and buccal cavity. | Mixed Mixed Mixed Mixed Mixed Sensory |
| AUDITORY | From the side of medulla close to the V and Vll cranial nerves. | (i) Vestibular (ii) Saccular | Membranous labyrinth of the internal ear | Sensory |
| GLOSSOPHARYN GEAL | From the ventro-lateral side of medulla. | (i) Pre-trematic (ii) Post-trematic | Mucous membrane of the first gill-cleft and the pharynx. The muscles of the pharynx Gills. | Sensory Mixed Mixed |
| VAGUS | Side of Medulla. | (a) Branchialis (b) Visceralis (c) Lateralis | Viscera. Lateral-line system of the trunk. | Mixed Mixed Mixed |
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