Glossary

BioScience.com.pk try the best to avoid the use of medical terms that could make it more difficult to understand the information on this website. Still, there are a number of terms that can’t be avoided and that are useful to know because they are so often used by the doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals with whom you might speak. The list below includes the terms used on BioScience.com.pk for which we have provided definitions.

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Term Definition
Klinefelter syndrome

Also known as: XXY disease

A rare genetic condition in boys and men caused by an extra X chromosome. (Males normally have one X and one Y chromosome.) The presence of the extra X chromosome may or may not produce obvious signs and symptoms (usually in teens and adults), such as low testosterone, small penis and testicles, enlarged breasts, tall stature and/or behavioral, learning, speech or language disabilities. Most of these individuals are infertile.
Ketones

Also known as: Ketone bodies


Byproducts of fat metabolism; may be found in urine or blood if a person does not eat enough carbohydrates or if the persons body cannot use them properly, such as with diabetes mellitus
Ketone bodies

Also known as: Ketones


Byproducts of fat metabolism; may be found in urine or blood if a person does not eat enough carbohydrates or if the persons body cannot use them properly, such as with diabetes mellitus
Ketoacidosis

Abnormal increase of acid in the blood due to accumulation of substances derived from metabolism of fat (ketone bodies); usually due to severe insulin deficiency in diabetes or to prolonged lack of carbohydrate intake
Keratin

A fibrous protein found in the hair, nails, and outer layer of the skin