The backbone lacking animals are called invertebrates. Based on their structure they are classified into different phyla. The following list contains examples of characters of each phyla and the classification of each invertebrate phylum with examples.
PROTOZOA
- AN INTRODUCTION TO PROTOZOA
- GENERAL CHARACTERS OF PROTOZOA
- CLASSIFICATION OF PROTOZOA
- OSMOREGULATION OR HOMEOSTASIS IN PROTOZOA
- PSEUDOPODIA IN PROTOZOA
- FLAGELLUM IN PROTOZOA
- STRUCTURE OF ELPHIDIUM (POLYSTOMELLA)
- LIFE HISTORY OF ELPHIDIUM
PORIFERA
- AN INTRODUCTION TO PORIFERA
- CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYLUM PORIFERA
- CLASSIFICATION OF PHYLUM PORIFERA
- PORIFERA – AFFINITIES - SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF SPONGES
- PORIFERA LARVA – PARENCHYMA AND AMPHIBLASTULA LARVA
- GEMMULE IN PORIFERA
- CHOANOCYTES – COLLAR CELLS
- SYCON SPONGE (SCYPHA) STRUCTURE AND ITS CANAL SYSTEM AND NUTRITION
- CANAL SYSTEM IN SYCON SPONGE
- HISTOLOGY OF SYCON-SPONGE
- SPICULES IN SYCON SPONGE
- REPRODUCTION IN SYCON SPONGE
CNIDARIA
- AN INTRODUCTION TO COELENTERATA
- CNIDARIANS: CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF PHYLUM COELENTERATA
- POLYMORPHISM IN COELENTERATES
- CORAL REEFS: TYPES AND FORMATION
- FORMATION OF CORALS AND TYPES
- STRUCTURE OF JELLYFISH (AURELIA)
- HISTOLOGY OF AURELIA (JELLYFISH CELLS)
- JELLYFISH (AURELIA): LOCOMOTION, RESPIRATION, EXCRETION, NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
- JELLYFISH (AURELIA): GASTRO VASCULAR SYSTEM AND NUTRITION
- JELLYFISH REPRODUCTION: AURELIA LIFE HISTORY
PLATYHELMINTHES
- AN INTRODUCTION TO PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES
- CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES
- CLASSIFICATION OF PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES
- PARASITIC ADAPTATIONS IN HELMINTHS
- STRUCTURE OF FASCIOLA HEPATICA (LIVER FLUKE)
- LIFE HISTORY OF FASCIOLA HEPATICA (LIVER FLUKE)
- DEVELOPMENT OF PLANOCERA
ANNELIDA
- AN INTRODUCTION TO PHYLUM ANNELIDA
- ANNELIDA: CHARACTERS AND CLASSIFICATION
- METAMERISM IN ANNELIDA
- COELOM AND COELOMODUCTS OF ANNELIDA
- TROCHOPHORE LARVA
- EXTERNAL CHARACTERS OF HIRUDINARIA
- ANATOMY OF HIRUDINARIA
- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF HIRUDINARIA AND ITS ADAPTATIONS
- HIRUDINARIA: EXCRETORY SYSTEM AND NEPHRIDIUM STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
- HAEMOCOELOMIC SYSTEM OF HIRUDINARIA
- HIRUDINARIA: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
- REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN HIRUDINARIA
ARTHROPODA
- AN INTRODUCTION TO PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
- PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION
- ONYCHOPHORA (PERIPATUS): STRUCTURE AND AFFINITIES
- CHILOPODA AND DIPLOPODA
- STRUCTURE OF PALAEMON (FRESH WATER PRAWN)
- PALAEMON (FRESHWATER PRAWN) APPENDAGES
- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF PALAEMON (PRAWN)
- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF PALAEMON
- PALAEMON (PRAWN): BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM
- PALAEMON (PRAWN): REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
- PALAEMON (PRAWN): EXCRETORY SYSTEM
- PALAEMON (PRAWN): NERVOUS SYSTEM AND SENSE ORGANS
